安装环境:CentOS7 64位,MySQL5.7
Step 1 配置YUM源
在官网中下载YUM源rpm安装包:http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/ ,或者手动下载安装包。
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
检查mysql源是否安装成功
yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 36
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 47
mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server 187
看到如上显示则表示安装成功了。
其次可以修改vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
源,改变默认安装的mysql版本。比如要安装5.6版本,将5.7源的enabled=1改成enabled=0。然后再将5.6源的enabled=0改成enabled=1即可。
Step 2 安装MySQL
yum install mysql-community-server
Step 3 启动MySQL服务
systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl start mysqld
systemctl status mysqld
Step 4 修改root本地登录密码
mysql安装完成之后,在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中给root生成了一个默认密码。通过下面的方式找到root默认密码,然后登录mysql进行修改:
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
注意:mysql5.7默认安装了密码安全检查插件(validate_password),默认密码检查策略要求密码必须包含:大小写字母、数字和特殊符号,并且长度不能少于8位。否则会提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements错误。
在/etc/my.cnf文件添加validate_password_policy配置,指定密码策略
# 选择0(LOW),1(MEDIUM),2(STRONG)其中一种,选择2需要提供密码字典文件
validate_password_policy=0
如果不需要密码策略,添加my.cnf文件中添加如下配置禁用即可:
validate_password = off
重新启动mysql服务使配置生效:
systemctl restart mysqld
mysql -uroot -p
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root';
或者
mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('root');
或者
mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD(‘root’) where User='root';
Step 5 添加远程登录用户
允许mysql远程访问,可以使用以下三种方式:
1、改表
mysql -u root –p
mysql>use mysql;
mysql>update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
mysql>select host, user from user;
2、授权
例如,你想root使用root从任何主机连接到mysql服务器。
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
3、在安装mysql的机器上运行:
mysql -h localhost -u root
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION
FLUSH PRIVILEGES
Step 6、配置默认编码为utf8
修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件,在[mysqld]下添加编码配置,如下所示:
[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
保存退出,重启mysql
systemctl restart mysqld
检查
show variables like '%character%';